ELISA Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
The ELISA technique is an enzyme-labeled immunodetection method based on a solid phase carrier, the process of which is to adsorb a known antigen or antibody on the surface of the solid phase carrier, identify the antigen or antibody labeled with an enzyme, and react on the surface of the solid phase carrier. This method can be used to detect macromolecular antigens and specific antibodies, and has many advantages such as rapid, sensitive, simple, easy to standardize and so on. This detection technology has been widely used in biology, medicine, agriculture and many other fields, and has become a powerful tool for many studies.
Technical principle
This technology uses the specific reaction between the antigen and the antibody to link the analyte with the enzyme, and then produces a color change through the reaction between the enzyme and the substrate, so as to realize the quantitative determination. The subject of the assay may be an antibody or an antigen. In this assay, there are three key reagents: Solid phase immunosorbent, I .e. antigen or antibody fixed on a carrier; Enzyme markers, I .e. substances that bind to antigens or antibodies and are labeled with enzymes; A chromogenic reagent, I .e., a substrate capable of interacting with an enzyme and producing a color reaction. In the measurement process, the antigen (or antibody) is first bound to the solid support, but still retains its immunological activity. An antibody (or antigen) that binds to the enzyme is then added to form a conjugate (I. e., label) that retains its immunological and enzymatic activity. When the conjugate reacts with the antigen (or antibody) on the solid carrier, and then the corresponding enzyme substrate is added, the catalytic hydrolysis or redox reaction is triggered and the color change occurs. The shade of color produced is proportional to the amount of antigen (or antibody) measured. This colored product can be observed with the naked eye, an optical microscope or an electron microscope, and can also be measured using a microplate reader (I. e., a spectrophotometer). The method is simple, convenient, rapid, and highly specific.
Real Experimental Research Hundreds of Detection Experiments 6 Experimental Platforms









